Speaker: Prima Kusrini and Karita Aulia Tama
Facilitator: Alifina Izza
Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a global health concern that affects the well-being of both mothers and newborns. Adolescent pregnancy is linked to risk factors that contribute to adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes.
Objective: This review aims to ascertain the factors contributing to adverse adolescent pregnancy outcomes.
Method: The primary databases for the review were PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. From 2020 to 2024, 1103 papers were identified, of which 121 were chosen for full-text review after thoroughly screening and eliminating duplicates. Fifteen studies were included in the review.
Result: An analysis of fifteen articles indicated that adolescent pregnancy is substantially associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, affected by factors including inadequate education, psychological and social pressures, low socioeconomic status, poor nutritional health, harmful behaviors during pregnancy, an unfavorable social environment, and insufficient antenatal care. Improving primary health services for adolescent pregnancy is essential, including the delivery of early sexual education and contraception options.
Conclusion: Adolescent pregnancy is often associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Improving the use of adolescent maternal health services, along with the execution of focused sex education programs and contraceptive methods in families, educational institutions, and primary health care centers, is essential for reducing the incidence of adolescent pregnancies.
Key message: Adolescent pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. By identifying the characteristics that lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes in teenagers, it is anticipated that health education can be delivered to both adolescents and their familial or social contexts to avert these problems.
Speaker: Fatimah Azzahra
Facilitator: Isabella Garti
Introduction: The success of Vaginal Birth After Cesarean (VBAC) is associated with the increasing global prevalence of cesarean sections. VBAC presents a feasible alternative for numerous women, reducing the necessity for repeat cesarean sections and the related risks.
Objective: Our review identifies essential medical, psychological, and institutional factors that affect VBAC outcomes.
Methods: This study examined 21 peer-reviewed articles sourced from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The examined factors included maternal age, prior vaginal birth experience, cervical dilation, access to healthcare, and psychosocial support.
Results: A successful VBAC is often associated with younger maternal age, a prior history of vaginal birth, spontaneous onset of labor, and adequate cervical dilation at the time of admission. Psychosocial support, encompassing familial encouragement and guidance from healthcare professionals, significantly influenced decisions regarding VBAC. Hospital policies supporting VBAC and improving access to emergency services have increased success rates.
Conclusion: The success of VBAC is determined by multiple medical, social, and institutional factors. Our review underscores the necessity for standardized practices that facilitate VBAC and enhanced counseling to empower women’s decisions regarding childbirth. Future research should investigate large, diverse, multicenter cohorts to validate the predictors of VBAC success and assess long-term outcomes compared to repeat cesarean sections.
Key message: Empowering natural birth after a cesarean requires a multifaceted approach, with a particular focus on medical factors. Equally important are continuous care and fostering a positive mindset, which is essential to achieving a successful natural birth and is supported by midwives, obstetricians, and all birth workers.
