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05 Analysis of the Effects of Breathing Relaxation, Foot Massage, and Lemon Aromatherapy on Pain Intensity During the First Stage of Labor: A Literature Review
May 5 @ 02:00 - 02:50
Speaker:- Atnesia Ajeng Wahidin, & Desta Mutiara Lestari.
Facilitator: – Rizka Ayu Setyani
Abstract:- Background: Pain experienced during the first stage of labor is primarily associated with cervical dilation, uterine contractions, and transient uterine hypoxia. Despite advances in obstetric care, labor pain remains a significant clinical concern worldwide. Techniques such as breathing relaxation, foot massage, and lemon aromatherapy inhalation have gained attention for their potential analgesic effects during labor.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of breathing relaxation, foot massage, and lemon aromatherapy inhalation in reducing pain intensity among women during the first stage of labor.
Methods: A literature review was conducted using ten peer-reviewed national journal articles retrieved from electronic databases, including Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and PubMed. Articles were selected based on relevance to non-pharmacological pain management interventions during the first stage of labor.
Results: The findings indicate that breathing relaxation techniques effectively reduce pain intensity by decreasing maternal anxiety and stabilizing autonomic nervous system responses. Lemon aromatherapy inhalation was consistently associated with significant reductions in pain scores before and after intervention. Foot massage was also shown to alleviate labor pain by promoting muscle relaxation and enhancing peripheral circulation.
Conclusion: Breathing relaxation, lemon aromatherapy inhalation, and foot massage are effective, safe, and feasible non-pharmacological interventions for reducing pain during the first stage of labor. Future studies are recommended to investigate the synergistic effects of combining these interventions to enhance labor pain management outcomes.
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